Modal Verbs – Past tense – Modalni glagoli u prošlom vremenu

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Modal Verbs – Past tense – Modalni glagoli u prošlom vremenu - Tekstualno objašnjenje
Kada koristimo modalne glagole u prošlosti, onda nam treba sledeća formula: Modalni glagol + have + V-ed/III kolonaIz rečenice u sadašnjosti dobijamo rečenicu prošlosti tako što modalnom glagolu dodamo pomoćni glagol "have" I promenimo glavni glagol u particip prošli, koji se gradi dodavanjem nastavka –ed ili upotrebom treće kolone nepravilnih glagola.

/You should see a doctor./ - /You should have seen a doctor./

Međutim kod određenih glagola ne dolazi da ovakve promene. Modalni glagoli "can, will, shall, may" već imaju svoje odgovarajuće oblike u prošlosti, a to su "could, would, should i might". Drugačija promena se dešava I glagolu "must", koji u prošlosti postaje "had to". U sledećoj tabeli vidimo šta se tačno dešava svakom modalnom glagolu kada se prebaci u prošlost:

Modals in the PresentModals in the Past
ObligationYou must / have to stop when the traffic lights are red.You had to stop.
AdviceYou should see a doctor.You should have seen a doctor.
ProhibitionYou mustn't smoke here.You mustn't have smoked there.
AbilityI can run fast.I could run fast. Now I am old.
CertaintyHe has a Rolls Royce. He must be very rich.
He can't be American. His English is terrible.
He must have been very rich. He had a big house and an expensive car.
He can't have written that poem. He was illiterate.
PermissionCan I go out?She could drive her father's car when she was only 15.
PossibliltyIt may / can / could / might rain. It's cloudy.I guess it strong>may / can / could / might have been Lacy on the phone.
Lack of necessityYou don't have to / needn't buy any tomatoes. There are plenty in the fridgeYou didn't have to / didn't need to buy tomatoes.
PossibliltyIt may / can / could / might rain. It's cloudy.I guess it strong>may / can / could / might have been Lacy on the phone.

"Should have", "could have", "would have" se ponekad zovu I modali nekadašnjih mogućnosti, pošto opisuju situacije iz prošlosti koje zamišljamo da su mogle biti drugačije. Razlika je u tome da se "should" koristi za savete I predloge, "could" za mogućnosti a "would" za iskazivanje želja, samo se u ovom slučaju primenjuju u prošlosti.

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